Here you will find the definitions of TOC, TC and TIC as well as their relations. Furthermore, their most common on-line methods of determination are introduced.

Here you will find detailed information on the parameters regarding oxygen demand - the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the total oxygen demand (TOD). Furthermore, we introduce the most common measurement methods and their pros and cons.

Here you will find definitions and information on the BOD, sludge activity and activated sludge respiration (ASR). These parameters are important to monitor on wastewater treatment processes to optimise the WWTP's control.